Truck-Pavement Interaction
Research Program
Tire Study
International Workshop on the Use of
Widebase Tires
October 25-26, 2007
FHWA TFHRC
1
TTA C.4
Tire/Pavement Effects
Phase I
Dynamic Effects
Phase II
Pressure/Footprint/ANN
Phase III
Hot Weather Shear
Phase IV
Accelerated Loading
Federal Highway Administration
Truck Pavement Interaction
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TTA C.4 (Cont.)
Phase II - Tire Pavement Interface
Pressure Patterns (TPIPP)
• 3D Tire Pressure Tests “South African
Vehicle-Road Surface Pressure Transducer
Array (VRSPTA)”
• 1D Tire Pressure Tests “Kistler MODULUS
Quartz Sensor Array”
• Artificial Neural Network model for bias
and radial tires (ANN)
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Truck Pavement Interaction
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TTA C.4 (Cont.)
Phase II - TPIPP
3D Tire Pressure Print Tests
Tire Type
G(10.00x20) Bias Ply
G159A(11R22.5)
BF Goodrich Aircraft
G159A(295/75R22.5)
G286(425/65R22.5)
G178(385/65R22.5)
Load Range
kN (% of rated)
26-56 (60-200)
26-56 (61-206)
26-156 (13-78)
26-41 (59-139)
26-106 (46-230)
30-50 (82-137)
Inflation Pressure Range
kPa (% of rated)
220-920 (32-148)
220-920 (32-148)
1040 (67)
420-820 (61-119)
500-1000 (71-143)
500-1000 (71-143)
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Truck Pavement Interaction
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TTA C.4 (Cont.)
Phase II - TPIPP
ANN Tire Model
Tire Type
Load Range
kN (% of rated)
G(10.00x20) Bias Ply 26-56 (60-200)
G159A(11R22.5)
26-56 (61-206)
Inflation Pressure Range
kPa (% of rated)
220-920 (32-148)
220-920 (32-148)
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Truck Pavement Interaction
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TTA C.4 (Cont.)
Phase II - TPIPP
3D VRSPTA Measurement
3D ANN Model Prediction
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Truck Pavement Interaction
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TTA C.4 (Cont.)
Phase II - TPIPP
1D Tire Pressure Print Tests
Tire Type
Load Range
kN (% of rated)
G159A(295/75R22.5) 9-35 (35-139)
G286(425/65R22.5)
9-60 (20-138)
MXZA2(275/80R22.5) 9-62(19-135)
MXDA(495/45R22.5) 9-35(35-139)
Inflation Pressure Range
kPa (% of rated)
420-827 (61-120)
482-1000 (70-145)
482-1000 (70-145)
420-827 (61-120)
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Truck Pavement Interaction
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Michelin 495/45R22.5 Wide Base Tire
Temperature : 16 ºC
Test Vehicle Speed: 1.1 m/s
Max Stress:
1.666 MPa
Inflation Pressure: 1000 kPa
Applied Vertical Load: 62 kN
1.6-1.8
1.4-1.6
1.2-1.4
0.8-1
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
29
25
0.6-0.8
0.4-0.6
21
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
17
13
9
1
e
rs
e
sv
an
r
T
r
so
n
e
(S
.)
No
245
221
196
172
147
123
98
74
49
5
25
0
Contact Stress (MPa)
1-1.2
Longitudi
nal (mm)
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Truck Pavement Interaction
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TTA C.4 (Cont.)
Phase III - Hot Weather Shear –
LTPP SPS-8 Ohio Test Road
• Two Asphalt Concrete thicknesses
• Unique instrumentation of embedded gages
to measure vertical shear and temperature
with depth
• Three speeds, three tire inflation pressures,
dual and wide-base tires
• FHWA Test Truck measures Road Profile
and Dynamic Wheel Forces
Federal Highway Administration
Truck Pavement Interaction
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Federal Highway Administration
Truck Pavement Interaction
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Ohio SHRP LTPP SPS-1, 2 & 8
JPCP
AC
8” 4”
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Truck Pavement Interaction
WHOH!
WHOH!
WHOH!
WHOH!
N
11
Strain Gage Rosette Configuration on Square Holes
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Truck Pavement Interaction
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Test Run Series
Wide Base (G286 & MXDA)
Dual (G159 & MXZA2)
Test
Series
Speed
(mph)
Tire Inflation
Pressure (psi)
Test
Series
Speed
(mph)
Tire Inflation
Pressure (psi)
1
5
70
10
5
70
2
25
70
11
25
70
3
55
70
12
55
70
4
5
100
13
5
100
5
25
100
14
25
100
6
55
100
15
55
100
7
5
120
16
5
120
8
25
120
17
25
120
9
55
120
18
55
120
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Truck Pavement Interaction
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Goodyear Dual G159A(295/75R22.5), 1st Hole, Vertical, 8" AC, 120 psi, 5 mph,
Lat. Dist. = 9", Temp@ 1",3.5",7" = 45.7,38.2 and 32.1 C
200
0
5
5.2
5.4
5.6
5.8
6
6.2
6.4
6.6
-200
-400
Microstrain
-600
-800
-1000
-1200
-1400
Top
Bottom
-1600
-1800
-2000
Time (s)
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Truck Pavement Interaction
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Goodyear Dual G159 (295/75R22.5), 1st Hole, Horizontal 8" AC, 120 psi,
5 mph, Lat. Dist. = 9", Temp@ 1",3.5",7" = 45.7,38.2 and 32.1 C
250
200
150
100
Microstrain
50
0
5
5.2
5.4
5.6
5.8
6
6.2
6.4
6.6
-50
-100
Top
Bottom
-150
-200
-250
Time (s)
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Truck Pavement Interaction
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Other Data and Tests…
• Weather Station
• FWD
• Surface Profile & Truck Dynamics
• Material Characterization
– Creep
– Relaxation
– Triangular Load
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Truck Pavement Interaction
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TTA C.4 (Cont.)
TPI Tire Testing Status
Phase II
Phase I
Pressure Prints
Dynamics
1D Tests ANN
DYNTRAC 3D Tests
Road
X
X
X
G(10 x 20)
X
X
X
X
G159(11R22.5) **
X
X
X
G286(425/65R22.5)
X
X
X
G159(295/75R22.5)
X
G (385/65/R22.5)
X
MXZA2(275/80R22.5)
X
MXDA(495/45R22.5)
MX(American) ***
Radial Tires *
o Planned
* Except G(10x20)
X Completed Test
** On FHWA Test Truck in Ohio
Phase IV
Phase III
Hot Weather APT
Pvmnt Shear Flex/Flex OL
X
X
o
o
X
X
o
o
*** Not Yet Received
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Truck Pavement Interaction
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TTA C.4 (Cont.)
Phase IV - Accelerated Loading
Test Tires:
Goodyear Dual
Goodyear S.S.
Michelin Dual
Michelin S.S.
G159A(295/75R22.5)
G286(425/65R22.5)
MXZA2(275/80R22.5)
MXDA(495/45R22.5)*
* Prototype
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TTA C.4 (Cont.)
Phase IV - Accelerated Loading
Test Matrix
Rutting
Wander
Bell to be specified
AC Thickness 3"-4"
Temperature 50 C
Failure Criteria 0.5"-0.75"
Load
40 kN (9000 lb.)
Tire Pressure Manufacturer Rated
Speed
2.24 m/s (5 mph)
Traffic
One way
Fatigue
Bell to be specified
3"-4"
50 F
50% Cracking (VESYS)
40 kN (9000 lb.)
Manufacturer Rated
2.24 m/s (5 mph)
One way
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Truck Pavement Interaction
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