12TH REHVA WORLD CONGRESS, CLIMA 2016
Investigation of Demand
Response Strategies in a
Mixed-Used Building
Despoina Christantonia, Simeon Oxizidisb, Damian Flynna, Donal Finna
aUniversity
College Dublin, Ireland
bTyndall National Institute, Cork, Republic of Ireland
Despoina Christantoni is funded under Programme for Research in Third Level Institutions and co-funded under the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).
Investing in Your Future
Outline

Context

Building Energy Simulation Model

DR Strategy

Results

Conclusions
Background
Reference: Sonja van Renssen, Nature Climate Change
Building Energy Simulation Model
• 11,100 m2 floor area
• Key Features:
 Offices, Retail
 Fitness Centre
 50 m Swimming Pool
 Cinema / Theatre
UCD Sports Centre
 Debating Chamber
 Meeting Rooms
Building Energy Simulation Model

BEMS data archived at 15 minute intervals:



Electricity and gas consumption
Zonal parameters
Electricity: MBE: -1.6% & CVRMSE: 10.5%
EnergyPlus model
(Reference: D. Christantoni, S. Oxizidis, D. Flynn, D. P. Finn, Calibration of a commercial building energy simulation model
for demand response analysis, in: Proceedings of BS2015: 14th Conference of International Building Performance
Simulation Association, 2015, pp. 2865–2872.)
Building Energy Simulation Model
DR Case Study

Pre-cooling and set-point relaxation for a summer weekday

3 different start times

2oC decrease during the pre-cooling period
(2 or 4 hours)

Increase of temperature during the event
following ASHRAE limits for acceptable drifts
(2 or 4 hours)
Time Period
Maximum Operative Temperature Change (oC)
(09:00, 12:00, 14:00)
0.25 h
0.5 h
1h
2h
4h
1.1
1.7
2.2
2.8
3.3
ASHRAE Standard 55-2004,
Thermal Environment Conditions for Human Occupancy
Building Demand with no DR measures
Electric Power Demand (kW)
Outdoor temperature
24
500
20
400
16
300
12
200
8
100
4
0
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Time (Hour)
14
16
18
20
22
24
Temperature (oC)
Electric Power Demand
600
DR event at 09:00
Pre-cool 07:00 to 09:00
Pre-cool 05:00 to 09:00
Pre-cool 07:00 to 09:00
Pre-cool 05:00 to 09:00
30
Electric Power Demand (kW)
20
10
0
3
5
7
9
11
13
3
5
7
9
11
13
-10
-20
-30
Time (Hour)
(a) from 09:00 to 11:00
(b) from 09:00 to 13:00
DR events at 12:00
Pre-cool 10:00 to 12:00
Pre-cool 08:00 to 12:00
Pre-cool 10:00 to 12:00
Pre-cool 08:00 to 12:00
Electric Power Demand (kW)
10
5
0
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
6
8
10
12
14
16
-5
-10
Time (Hour)
-15
(a) from 12:00 to 14:00
(a) from 12:00 to 16:00
18
20
DR event at 16:00
Pre-cool 12:00 to 14:00
Pre-cool 12:00 to 16:00
Pre-cool 12:00 to 14:00
Pre-cool 12:00 to 16:00
10
Electric Power Demand (kW)
5
0
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
-5
-10
-15
-20
-25
Time (Hour)
(a) from 16:00 to 18:00
(a) from 16:00 to 20:00
Comparison
Pre-cooling
duration
Event
duration
2
DR start
time
2
4
2
4
4
9
12
16
9
12
16
9
12
16
9
12
16
Electricity Increase
Electriciy Reduction
Reduction / Increase
(kWh)
(kWh)
Ratio
86.7
112
1.3
52.7
16.6
0.3
14.6
15.1
1
86.7
244.5
2.8
52.7
101.6
1.9
14.6
127.5
8.7
302.1
113.8
0.4
111.4
17.5
0.2
47
15.1
0.3
302.1
246.8
0.8
111.4
103.6
0.9
47
127.9
2.7
Conclusions

Maximum electric load reduction of 6.6%

Pre-cooling duration does not considerably affect the electric power demand
reduction during the event

Pre-cooling later in the day results in a lower power demand increase

Power demand reduction affected by the time of the event
Thank you for your attention!
Despoina Christantoni
[email protected]