92
Spring Wheat Variety Screening
in the Klamath Basin, 1991
R.L. Dovel and G. Chilcote l
INTRODUCTION
In 1991, spring wheat variety trials were conducted at the KES in
cooperation with plant breeding and evaluation programs at Oregon State
University, the Tulelake Field Station (University of California at Davis) and
Western Region evaluation programs. Cold-tolerant, short-season cultivars are
needed in the Klamath Basin due to a short growing season with the possibility
of frost throughout the growing season. Entries evaluated included soft white
(SW), hard white (HW), and hard red (HR) selections. In general there is
little disease or insect pressure on small grains in the Klamath Basin. However, the introduction of the Russian wheat aphid could greatly alter that
situation.
PROCEDURES
All small-grain variety trials at the KES were on land planted in
potatoes the previous year. Soils at the station include Poe, Fordney, and
Hosley series, all of which have a fine loamy to sandy texture and are
moderately deep and somewhat poorly drained. All plots were sprinkler
irrigated.
.
All trials were arranged in a randomized complete block design with
either three or four replications. Trials at the KES were planted between May
1 and 3. Seed was planted to a depth of one inch. The seeding rate for wheat
trials was 80 lbs/A. All plots were fertilized with 100 lbs N, 60 lbs 1 3 2 0„
and 44 lbs S/A at time of seeding. Plots measured 5 x 20 feet with a row
spacing of six inches. Bromoxynil and MCPA were applied at labeled rates to
control broadleaf weeds. Plots were harvested using a plot combine with a five
foot wide head. Grain yield was recorded for all plots. Test weight was
measured in only one replication.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Western Regional Spring Wheat Nursery
Average yield in this trial was 5218 lbs/A, an increase of almost 500
lbs/A from the previous year. Test weight was also higher in 1991 than 1990
(63.0 and 57.1 lbs/bu, respectively. The highest yielding entry was a soft
white line from Idaho (ID 409). However, it was not significantly higher than
a number of lines including ID 420, a hard red line (Table 1). Averaged over
two years, ID 420 is the highest yielding entry in the trial. Further evaluation of the quality of this line is necessary to determine if it meets
1/ Assistant Professor and Research Technician, respectively, Klamath Experiment Station, OR.
Acknowledgments: Henzel Farms provided the off-station site and crop care.
93
milling requirements of the industry. If quality is adequate, ID 420 would
represent a substantial improvement over currently grown varieties. Penawawa,
a soft white variety, is another outstanding variety in this trial. Averaged
over a three-year period, it is the highest yielding entry.
Intermountain Spring Wheat Trial
Yields in the Intermountain Trial were comparable to those in the Western
Regional Nursery. Test weights in the Intermountain Trial were very high,
averaging 65 lbs/bu. The highest yielding entry in the trial was ID 266, a
soft white variety (Table 3). It was not significantly higher than Blanca or
Fieldwin, both soft white lines. The highest yielding hard red line in the
trial was PH 684-23. When averaged over three years, ID 266, and Treasure are
the two highest yielding lines (Table 4). However, they do not yield significantly higher than a number of released soft white wheat lines. The highest
yielding hard red variety over the last three years is Westbred 926. However,
Spillman is not significantly lower than Westbred 926. These two lines appear
to have superior yield potential to Westbred 906R and Yecoro Rojo, which have
historically been the standard varieties in the area. Two club wheat lines,
UC 850 and UC 852, have been tested for two years at KES. UC 850 has produced
yields comparable to moderate yielding hard red varieties, but lower than
leading soft white varieties.
Intermountain Spring Wheat Variety Trials were planted over a three-year
period at both KES and Intermountain Research and Extension Center (IREC) at
Tulelake, CA. Unlike barley trials planted on the two sites, wheat yields and
relative ranking of varieties were not similar between the two sites. Over a
three-year period, yields at IREC were 36 percent higher than at KES and the
ranking of varieties was quite different (Table 5). The highest yielding
variety at IREC was Sterling, which ranked Ilth at KES.
OSU Hard White Spring Wheat Variety Trial
The advent of HW wheat as a viable market class offers another option for
producers in the Klamath Basin. This was the first year for this trial to be
planted at KES. Two standard HR varieties were included for comparison as
well as Klasic, the standard HW variety in California. Yields of several
lines were promising; however, further testing is required before any conclusions as to the adaptation of these lines to the Klamath Basin can be made
(Table 6).
OSU Hard Red Spring Wheat Variety Trial
Yields in this trial were average or slightly below normal and variability within entries was higher than would be desired, making mean separation
difficult. Test weights in this trial were very high. No experimental line
yielded more than Westbred 906R, the standard in this trial (Table 7).
94
Table 1. 1991 Western Regional Spring Wheat Nursery. Observations of grain yield,
test weight, lodging, plant height, and days to 50% heading of spring wheat
varieties planted at the Klamath Experiment Station, OR.
Yield
Test Wt.
Lodge
Height
Heading date
lbs/A
lbs/bu
- % -
inches
Julian days
McKay
Federation
Owens
Penawawa
Spillman
4999
4285
5085
5652
5234
64.0
62.0
63.0
63.5
60.5
0
0
0
0
0
32
42
30
30
33
193
193
192
193
193
6
7
8
9
10
Wakanz
WA 7176
WA 7496
ID 367
ID 420
5546
5246
4506
5670
5905
62.5
61.5
60.5
60.5
63.5
0
0
0
0
0
32
31
29
34
31
193
193
192
192
193
11
12
13
14
15
OR 487456
OR 487457
OR 487400
Klasic
Serra
5531
4794
4873
4841
4882
65.5
63.0
64.0
63.5
63.0
0
0
0
0
0
27
23
32
29
29
191
192
192
190
190
16
17
18
19
20
WA
OR
OR
OR
OR
7668
487462
484027
487380
487279
5425
5203
4751
4487
5374
62.5
63.0
64.0
61.5
64.0
0
0
0
0
0
48
29
32
21
28
193
191
192
191
190
21
22
23
24
25
OR
UC
UC
UC
UT
487453
784
786
785
1601
5399
4587
5238
4834
5357
63.5
64.0
62.5
64.0
63.0
0
0
0
0
0
31
21
25
24
30
193
190
193
193
193
26
27
28
29
30
UT
ID
ID
ID
ID
613945
392
408
409
412
5099
5504
5503
6131
5017
61.5
64.5
61.5
64.0
65.0
0
0
0
0
0
32
32
30
32
34
193
193
193
193
192
31
32
33
34
35
LEWIEM 4
UT 1708
UT 1711
UT 1723
UT 1736
5046
5267
5123
5411
4826
64.5
62.5
62.0
63.0
63.0
0
0
0
0
0
32
37
35
39
35
193
193
193
193
193
36
37
38
39
40
Sunstar 1
OR 487249
OR 487255
OR 488403
OR 487469
5018
5668
5005
5599
5467
64.5
63.0
64.5
62.0
64.0
0
0
0
0
0
31
30
31
29
31
190
191
190
193
190
41
42
43
44
45
OR
ID
ID
ID
ID
4821
5953
5561
5357
5715
64.0
64.0
64.5
62.5
63.5
0
0
0
0
0
29
33
31
31
34
192
191
193
193
193
5218
10.5
765
63.0
31
6.3
6.9
192
0.4
1.1
Entry
1
2
3
4
5
Selection
488189
377S
404
410
430
Mean
CV (%)
LSD (0.05)
95
Table 2. Summary of Western Regional Spring Wheat Nursery, 1989-1991. Three-year summary of
spring wheat planted at the Klamath Experiment Station, OR.
Entry
Selection
Class
1990
1989
Yield
1988
Yield
3-yr Avg
2-yr Avg
lbs/A Rank
-lbs/A-
Rank
' 1
2
3
4
5
ID 367
ID 420
McKay
OR 487400
OR 487456
HR
HR
HR
HR
HR
5670
5905
4999
4873
5531
5215
5606
5229
4741
3169
4590
4801
4514
5201
3468
5443
5756
5114
4807
4350
4
1
12
19
28
5158
5437
4914
4938
4056
3
2
7
6
13
6
7
8
9
10
OR 487475
Serra
Klasic
Federation
Owens
HR
HR
HW
SW
SW
4794
4882
4841
4285
5085
5026
4492
5285
3830
4757
3884
4325
4263
4348
5142
4910
4687
5063
4058
4921
16
21
13
29
15
4568
4566
4796
4154
4995
9
10
8
12
4
11
12
13
14
15
Penawawa
WA 7176
WA 7496
ID 412
OR 487462
SW
SW
SW
HR
HR
5652
5246
4506
5017
5203
5236
4520
4667
3990
3635
5570
5053
4216
5444
4883
4587
4504
4419
3
17
24
26
27
5486
4940
4463
1
5
11
16
17
18
19
20
UC
UC
UC
UT
UT
784
785
786
1601
613945
HR
HR
HR
HR
HR
4587
4834
5238
5357
5009
4497
4491
4520
4950
5421
4542
4663
4879
5154
5215
25
22
18
9
8
21
22
23
24
25
WA 7668
OR 487279
OR 487380
OR 487453
ID 392
HR
HW
HW
HW
SW
5425
5374
4487
5399
5504
5283
3924
3564
4905
4541
5354
4649
4026
5152
5023
5
23
30
10
14
26
27
28
29
30
ID 408
ID 409
LEWIEM 04
OR 484027
Wakanz
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
5503
6131
5046
4751
5546
4974
5094
5230
4672
5145
5239
5613
5138
4712
5346
7
2
11
20
6
31
32
33
34
35
ID 430
OR 487469
OR 488189
Spillman
Sunstar
HR
HR
HR
HR
HR
5715
5467
4821
5234
5018
36
37
38
39
40
UT
UT
UT
UT
ID
1708
1711
1723
1736
377S
HR
HR
HR
HR
HW
5267
5123
5411
4826
5953
41
42
43
44
45
OR 487249
OR 487255
OR 488403
ID 404
ID 410
HW
NW
HW
SW
SW
5668
5005
5599
5561
5357
Mean
CV (%)
LSD (0.05)
5216
10.5
766
4687
26.7
1782
4567
12.1
743
4922
,20.2
982
4805
16.9
654
96
Table 3. 1991 Intermountain Spring Wheat Nursery. Observations of grain yield,
test weight, lodging, plant height, and days to 50% heading of spring
wheat varieties planted at the Klamath Experiment Station, OR.
Yield
Test wt.
Lodge
Height
Heading date
lbs/A
lbs/bu
- %
inches
Julian days
Yecora Rojo
Fieldwin
Klasic
Westbred 906R
Blanca
4548
5921
4679
4954
6111
66.0
66.0
66.0
65.0
64.0
0
0
0
0
0
23
35
24
31
34
189
195
189
189
191
6
7
8
9
10
Edwall
ORS 8413
Serra
Treasure
ID 266
5051
5278
5239
5638
6643
62.0
63.0
65.5
65.0
65.5
0
0
0
0
3
32
31
31
31
33
192
193
189
193
191
11
12
13
14
15
Sterling
Waduel
Spillman
Westbred 926
Westbred Sprite
5836
5102
5264
5225
5314
65.0
66.0
65.0
65.0
65.0
0
0
0
0
1
34
34
33
32
31
192
190
189
190
190
16
17
18
19
20
ORS 8410
UC 784
UC 785
UC 786
UC 850
4698
4854
4710
5023
5152
66.0
66.0
66.0
65.0
65.0
0
0
0
0
0
31
23
24
25
30
192
189
192
193
193
21
22
23
24
25
UC 852
Westbred Rambo
ID 312
W 2502
OR 4870235
4723
5174
6015
5040
4559
65.5
63.0
66.0
63.0
66.0
0
8
0
0
0
29
33
33
32
30
192
193
190
190
190
26
27
28
29
30
OR 4870249
OR 4870279
ID 379
ID 366
Nomad
5159
5594
5322
4821
5168
65.0
66.0
65.0
64.0
65.5
0
0
0
23
0
29
30
33
33
30
190
189
192
191
191
31
32
33
34
35
Express
Grandin
Vance
SDM-1
TR 983-239
5327
4117
4955
5311
5105
65.5
65.0
65.0
65.0
66.5
0
0
0
0
0
28
33
28
31
34
190
191
191
190
189
36
37
38
39
40
PH 986-61
PH 684-23
ID 417
OR 4874456
Federation
5743
5611
5759
4619
4690
65.5
65.0
66.5
66.0
62.0
0
0
0
0
8
30
32
31
29
47
189
192
189
189
194
Mean
CV (%)
LSD (0.05)
5201
10.1
735
65.1
1
763
11
31
4.8
2.1
191
0.6
1.5
Entry
1
2
3
4
5
Selection
97
Table 4. Summary of Intermountain Regional Spring Wheat Variety Trial, 1989-1991. Threeyear summary of spring wheat planted at the Klamath Experiment Station, OR.
Entry
Selection
Class
1991
1990
Yield
1989
Yield
3-yr Avg
2-yr Avg
lbs/A
Rank
-lbs/A-
Rank
Serra
Spillman
W 2502
Westbred 906R
HR
HR
HR
HR
HR
4698
5239
5264
5040
4954
5460
3437
5285
4239
4589
3692
3323
4016
3347
3283
5079
4338
5275
4640
4772
14
31
10
24
21
4617
4000
4855
4209
4275
10
19
6
17
15
6
7
8
9
10
Westbred 926
Westbred Rambo
Westbred Sprite
Yecora Rojo
Klasic
HR
HR
HR
HR
HW
5225
5174
5314
4548
4679
6073
4624
4533
4638
6141
3453
3629
3745
3173
3320
5649
4899
4924
4593
5410
1
20
19
26
3
4917
4476
4531
4120
4713
3
13
12
18
8
11
12
13
14
15
ORS 8413
Blanca
Edwall
Fieldwin
ID 266
HW
5278
6111
5051
5921
6643
5336
4215
4366
4772
4584
4040
4408
3879
3860
4098
5307
5163
4709
5347
5614
8
12
23
4
2
4885
4911
4432
4851
5108
5
4
14
7
1
16
17
18
19
20
ID 312
Sterling
Treasure
Waduel
UC 850
SW
6015
5836
5638
5102
5152
4155
4125
5034
3692
5397
3868
3791
4338
3904
5085
4981
5336
4397
5275
13
17
5
30
11
4679
4584
5003
4233
11
2
16
21
22
23
24
25
UC 852
HR
HR
HR
4723
4117
4821
5168
4854
4523
4353
4168
5447
5031
4623
4235
4495
5308
4943
25
32
28
7
18
OR 4870235
OR 4870249
Vance
HR
HR
HR
HW
HW
4710
5023
4955
4559
5159
5446
5585
4097
4885
3800
5078
5304
4526
4722
4480
15
9
27
22
29
31
32
33
34
35
OR 4870279
HW
Federation
ID 379
Express
OR 4874456
SW
SW
HR
HR
5594
4690
5322
5327
4619
5029
3459
4702
5312
4075
5012
6
33
16
36
37
38
39
40
PH 684-23
PH 986-61
TR 983-239
ID 417
HR
HR
HR
SW
1
2
3
4
5
26
27
28
29
30
ORS 8410
Grand in
ID 366
Nomad
UC 784
UC 785
UC 786
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
CLUB
CLUB
HR
SDM-1
5611
5743
5105
5759
5311
Mean
CV (%)
LSD (0.05)
5201
10.1
735
4704
27.9
1855
3746
18.6
727
4937
20.6
1003
4600
18.4
683
9
98
Table 5. Three-year summary of yields from the Intermountain Spring Wheat Trial grown at
the Klamath Experiment Station (KES) and the Intermountain Research and Extension Center (IREC) from 1989 to 1991.
Entry
Selection
Class
3-Year Average Yield
KES
IREC -
2-Year Average Yield
IREC
---- KES
lbs/A
Rank
lbs/A
Rank
lbs/A
Rank
lbs/A
Rank
ORS 8410
Serra
Spillman
W 2502
Westbred 906R
HR
HR
HR
HR
HR
5079
4338
5275
4640
4772
14
31
11
24
21
5800
6480
6360
6680
6380
30
17
22
12
21
4617
4000
4855
4209
4275
10
19
6
17
15
5480
6360
5840
6460
6340
18
8
17
7
9
6
7
8
9
10
Westbred 926
Westbred Rambo
Westbred Sprite
Yecora Rojo
Klasic
HR
HR
HR
HR
HW
5649
4899
4924
4593
5410
1
20
19
26
3
6540
6520
5980
6660
7340
14
16
28
13
2
4917
4476
4531
4120
4713
3
13
12
18
8
6260
5940
5880
6140
6780
10
13
16
12
3
11
12
13
14
15
ORS 8413
Blanca
Edwall
Fieldwin
ID 266
HW
SW
SW
SW
SW
5307
5163
4709
5347
5614
8
12
23
4
2
6200
6880
5880
7200
7200
26
8
29
4
3
4885
4911
4432
4851
5108
5
4
14
7
1
5900
6760
5260
6980
6780
15
5
19
2
4
16
17
18
19
20
ID 312
Sterling
Treasure
Waduel
UC 850
SW
SW
SW
SW
CLUB
5085
4981
5336
4397
5275
13
17
5
30
10
7140
7380
6860
6420
6160
6
1
10
20
27
4679
4584
5003
4233
9
11
2
16
6720
7040
6200
5920
6
1
11
14
21
22
23
24
25
UC 852
Grandin
ID 366
Nomad
UC 784
CLUB
HR
HR
HR
HR
4623
4235
4495
5308
4943
25
32
28
7
18
6320
5620
6520
6460
6420
23
31
15
18
19
26
27
28
29
30
UC 785
UC 786
Vance
OR 4870235
OR 4870249
HR
HR
HR
HW
HW
5078
5304
4526
4722
4480
15
9
27
22
29
6280
7160
5100
6320
6700
25
5
32
24
11
31
32
OR 4870279
ID 379
HW
SW
5312
5012
6
16
7000
6880
7
9
1
2
3
4
5
Mean
CV (%)
LSD (0.05)
4963
20.6
1003
6526
7.9
500
4600
18.4
683
6265
10.1
500
99
Table 6. 1991 OSU Hard White Spring Wheat Variety Trial. Observations
of grain yield, test weight, lodging, plant height, and days to
50% heading of spring wheat varieties planted at the Klamath
Experiment Station, OR.
Entry
Yield
Test wt.
Lodge
Height
Heading date
lbs/A
lbs/bu
- % -
inches
Julian days
McKay (ID 167)
Klasic
ORS 8413
OR 4870235
OR 4870249
5430
5024
4884
4970
4766
65.0
65.0
64.0
67.0
65.0
0
0
0
0
0
32
28
29
30
27
193
191
193
191
190
6
7
8
9
10
OR 4870279
OR 4870453
4880376
4880384
Spillman
5278
5037
5858
4279
5425
64.5
64.0
65.0
65.0
64.0
0
0
0
0
0
29
28
31
28
32
191
193
193
193
192
11
12
13
14
15
4880351
OR 4880388
OR 4880391
OR 4880392
OR 4880403
4812
553 4
4774
5204
5592
65.0
66.0
63.5
66.0
63.5
0
0
0
0
0
30
27
25
27
28
193
193
193
193
193
16
17
18
19
20
4880302
4880358
4895143
4880536
Kauz "S" (#1)
4517
5504
4879
5553
4983
65.0
66.0
65.0
67.0
66.0
0
0
0
0
0
28
26
30
28
26
193
192
193
193
193
21
22
23
24
25
Kauz "S" (#2)
4870352
4895198
4880331
4880353
4978
4565
3847
5523
5080
65.0
65.0
65.0
66.0
65.0
0
0
0
0
0
26
29
27
27
27
193
193
191
191
192
26
27
28
Westbred 906R
Westbred 926
Yecora Rojo
5424
5654
4378
65.0
64.0
65.0
0
0
0
30
33
20
190
190
189
Mean
CV (%)
LSD (0.05)
5063
9.7
688
65.1
0
28
5.4
2.1
192
0.5
1.3
1
2
3
4
5
Selection
100
Table 7. 1991 OSU Hard Red Spring Wheat Variety Trial. Observations of
grain yield, test weight, lodging, plant height, and days to
50% heading of spring wheat varieties planted at the Klamath
Experiment Station, OR.
Lodge
Height
Heading date
lbs/bu
%
inches
Julian days
4116
4827
3853
3965
4137
64.0
64.0
65.0
63.5
65.5
0
0
0
0
0
31
30
21
30
31
195
191
191
193
193
4870456
4870475
4870400
4870401
4870462
3994
3810
4561
4389
4372
66.0
63.0
65.0
66.0
66.0
0
0
0
0
0
29
23
31
31
28
193
193
196
196
193
11
12
13
14
15
4870469
4870622
OR 4880189
OR 4880193
OR 4880200
4870
3775
3899
4293
4341
66.0
60.0
65.0
66.0
66.0
0
0
0
0
0
29
29
28
31
26
192
195
193
196
193
16
17
18
19
20
OR 4880250
OR 4880264
4870410
OR 4870355
FCT'S'
4616
4712
4420
4155
4101
65.0
65.0
66.0
65.0
66.0
0
0
0
0
0
28
31
31
31
26
196
196
195
196
193
21
22
23
24
25
TUI'S'
4895075
4895078
4895078
4895105
4154
4001
3908
4333
4702
65.0
66.0
63.0
62.5
66.0
0
0
0
0
0
31
28
27
26
29
193
194
193
192
195
26
27
28
4870251
4870251
Westbred 926
4186
4165
4404
62.0
66.0
65.0
0
0
0
28
31
31
193
195
192
Mean
CV (%)
LSD (0.05)
4252
17.9
1071
64.8
0
29
6.2
2.5
194
0.5
1.4
Yield
Test wt.
lbs/A
McKay (ID 167)
Westbred 906R
Yecora Rojo
Spillman
ORS 8510
6
7
8
9
10
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
Entry
1
2
3
4
5
Selection