138
Spring Wheat Variety Trials
in the Klamath Basin, 1990
R.L. Dovel and G. Chilcote'
INTRODUCTION
In 1990, spring wheat variety trials were conducted at the KES in cooperation with plant breeding and evaluation programs at Oregon State University,
the Tulelake Field Station (University of California at Davis) and Western
Region evaluation programs. Cold-tolerant, short-season cultivars are needed
in the Klamath Basin due to a short growing season with the possibility of
frost throughout the growing season. Entries evaluated included soft white
(SW), hard white (HW), and hard red (HR) selections. In general there is
little disease or insect pressure on small grains in the Klamath Basin.
However, the introduction of the Russian wheat aphid could greatly alter that
situation.
PROCEDURES
All small-grain variety trials at the KES were on land planted in potatoes
the previous year. Soils at the station include Poe, Fordney and Hosley
series, all of which have a fine loamy to sandy texture and are moderately
deep and somewhat poorly drained. The off-station trials were on very deep,
poorly drained, lake bottom soils with high organic matter content. All plots
at KES were sprinkler irrigated, while only one organic soil test site was
irrigated.
All trials were arranged in a randomized complete block design with either
three or four replications. Trials at the KES were planted between April 25
and 27. Plots at the irrigated organic soil site were planted on May 26 and
the dryland study was established on May 31. Seed was planted to a depth of
one inch. The seeding rate for wheat trials was 80 lbs/A. All plots were
fertilized with 100 lbs N, 60 lbs P,0 5s and 44 lbs S/A at time of seeding.
Plots measured 5 x 20 feet with a row spacing of six inches. At KES, Bromoxynil and MCPA were applied at labeled rates to control broadleaf weeds.
Chemical weed control at the organic soil sites was achieved using a mixture
of 2,4-D and Banvel. Plots were harvested using a plot combine with a five
foot wide head. Grain yield was recorded for all plots. Test weight was
measured in only one replication.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Western Regional Spring Wheat Nursery
Yields were average; however, there was a high degree of variability in
the trial making it difficult to clearly distinguish the top yielders. Test
weights were down from the very high levels of 1989 (averaging almost 65
lbs/bu) averaging only 57.1 lbs/bu (Table 1).
1/ Assistant Professor, Research Technician, respectively, Klamath Experiment
Station, OR.
Acknowledgments: Henzel Farms provided the off-station site and crop care.
139
Penawawa, a SW variety recently released by Washington State University,
was the highest yielding variety over a three-year period (Table 2). However,
it has not outyielded Fieldwin and Blanca, current standard SW varieties, in
the Intermountain Spring Wheat Variety Trial.
Klasic, a NW wheat variety, yielded comparably to Penawawa in 1990 and
shows great promise for this area if the NW wheat market continues to be
strong.
The highest yielding variety in 1990 was ID 405, a SW variety from Idaho.
Further testing will be required to determine if this variety is consistently
a superior-yielding variety in the Klamath Basin.
Intermountain Regional Spring Wheat Variety Trial
The Intermountain Spring Wheat Variety Trial was planted at KES for the
third consecutive year in 1990. This trial is conducted in cooperation with
the Tulelake Field Station (TFS) and University of California extension
personnel in Siskiyou and Shasta counties. The average yield in 1990 was
4,735 lbs/A with an average test weight of 59.4 lbs/A (Table 3). This is
almost 1,000 lbs/A higher than the 1989 average (Table 4). Klasic, a NW
variety planted widely in California, was the highest yielding variety in the
trial. Over the three-year period that this trial has been conducted at KES,
Klasic has ranked 11th. Over that same period another NW variety, ORS 8413,
was the number one ranked variety. If the HW market continues to develop
these two varieties could be viable alternatives to HR varieties currently
being planted.
The highest yielding HR variety in 1990 was WB 926 (Table 3). Over a
three-year period it has outyielded both Yecora Rojo and WB 906 (Table 4).
However, it was ranked slightly lower than Spillman, another HR variety, over
the three years of the trial. These two varieties are very promising HR lines
for the Klamath Basin.
Yields of all SW varieties ranked lower than expected in 1990. The SW
lines are usually the top-yielding varieties: however, in 1990 several HR
lines significantly outyielded them. Over a three-year period Treasure has
been the leading SW variety, followed by Fieldwin, then Blanca. All of these
lines are well adapted to the Klamath Basin (Table 4).
OSU Hard White Spring Wheat Variety Trial
The advent of HW wheat as a viable market class offers another option for
producers in the Klamath Basin. This was the first year for this trial to be
planted at KES. Two standard HR varieties were included for comparison as
well as Klasic, the standard HW variety in California. Yields of several
lines were promising; however, further testing is required before any conclusions as to the adaptation of these lines to the Klamath Basin can be made
(Table 5).
140
Table 1. 1990 Western Regional Spring Wheat Nursery. Observations of grain yield, test
weight, lodging, plant height, and days to 50% heading of spring wheat varieties
planted at the Klamath Experiment Station, OR.
Selection
Grain
Class
Yield
lbs/A
Test Wt.
lbs/bu
Lodge
Entry
Height
inches
Heading date
Julian Days
1
2
3
4
5
McKay
Federation
Owens
Penawawa
WA 7075
HR
SW
SW
SW
HR
5229
3830
4757
5236
3629
61.0
57.5
52.0
55.0
55.5
0
0
5
0
0
35
43
36
34
35
191
193
191
190
190
6
7
8
9
10
Wakanz
WA 7176
WA 7496
OR 487316
ID 367
SW
SW
SW
SW
HR
5145
4520
4667
4422
5215
62.0
56.0
57.5
59.0
58.5
0
0
0
0
28
33
35
30
30
35
192
190
190
193
190
11
12
13
14
15
ID
ID
ID
ID
UT
415
417
419
420
580646
SW
SW
HR
HR
HR
5527
4390
4913
5606
5190
62.0
57.5
56.5
62.5
48.0
0
0
0
0
0
36
33
34
32
33
191
188
191
191
194
16
17
18
19
20
UT
UT
OR
OR
OR
613960
2464
487335
487456
487457
HR
HR
HR
HR
HR
5708
6027
3889
3169
5026
58.0
62.0
54.0
54.0
62.0
0
0
0
0
0
36
37
36
31
26
190
194
191
187
191
21
22
23
24
25
OR 487400
Klasic
Serra
WA 7668
OR 487462
HR
HW
HR
HR
HR
4741
5285
4492
5283
3635
65.0
62.0
59.5
61.5
52.5
0
0
0
43
0
34
31
31
37
34
192
189
188
190
189
26
27
28
29
30
ORS 8427
OR 487380
OR 487279
OR 487453
UC 784
SW
HW
HW
HW
HR
4672
3564
3924
4905
4497
62.0
53.0
57.0
62.5
50.0
0
0
0
0
0
35
23
30
32
25
190
189
189
193
186
31
32
33
34
35
UC
UC
UT
UT
UT
786
785
1601
613945
2534
HR
HR
HR
HR
HR
4520
4491
4950
5421
4405
51.5
62.0
55.0
59.5
49.0
0
0
0
23
0
26
24
34
37
36
190
191
191
191
190
36
37
38
39
40
ID
ID
ID
ID
ID
392
405
408
409
412
SW
SW
SW
SW
HR
4541
7454
4974
5094
3990
54.0
55.0
60.0
56.0
55.0
0
0
0
0
0
34
38
32
33
34
193
194
191
191
190
41
42
43
44
LEWIEM 01
LEWIEM 05
LEWIEM 04
OR 487381
SW
SW
SW
HR
4519
3898
5230
5686
54.5
55.0
63.0
46.0
0
5
3
0
34
38
35
31
192
194
192
192
4779
1782
27
57.1
2
33
7.5
6.3
191
1.5
0.6
Mean
LSD (0.05)
CV (%)
Footnotes: HR = Hard Red, SW = Soft White HW = Hard White
141
Table 2.
Summary of Western Regional Spring Wheat Nursery, 1988 1990.
spring wheat planted at the Klamath Experiment Station, OR.
-
Three year summary of
2-yr Avg
Rank
Yield
3-yr Avg
-lbs/A-
Rank
4926
3921
4600
4486
5814
4872
4089
4950
5403
3991
10
19
7
1
20
4890
4033
4833
5097
4598
3
9
4
1
6
4621
4458
5030
5046
4787
4442
4334
4903
11
14
18
9
4731
4447
4566
4950
5
8
7
2
4284
4419
3880
4801
4763
4906
4405
4397
5204
4977
8
16
17
3
5
5708
6027
3889
3169
5026
4854
4255
2929
3468
3884
5281
5141
3409
3319
4455
2
4
21
22
13
OR 487400
Klasic
Serra
WA 7668
OR 487462
4741
5285
4492
5283
3635
5201
4263
4325
4971
4774
4409
6
12
15
26
27
28
29
30
ORS 8427
OR 487380
OR 487279
OR 487453
UC 784
4672
3564
3924
4905
4497
31
32
33
34
35
UC
UC
UT
UT
UT
786
785
1601
613945
2534
4520
4491
4950
5421
4405
36
37
38
39
40
ID
ID
ID
ID
ID
392
405
408
409
412
4541
7454
4974
5094
3990
41
42
43
44
LEWIEM 01
LEWIEM 05
LEWIEM 04
OR 487381
4519
3898
5230
5686
Mean:
LSD (0.05)
CV (%)
4779
1782
27
Entry
Selection
1990
1989
Yield
1988
lbs/A 1
2
3
4
5
McKay
Federation
Owens
Penawawa
WA 7075
5229
3830
4757
5236
3629
4514
4348
5142
5570
4352
6
7
8
9
10
Wakanz
WA 7176
WA 7496
OR 487316
ID 367
5145
4520
4667
4422
5215
5053
4216
4245
4590
11
12
13
14
15
ID
ID
ID
ID
UT
415
417
419
420
580646
5527
4390
4913
5606
5190
16
17
18
19
20
UT
UT
OR
OR
OR
613960
2464
487335
487456
487457
21
22
23
24
25
4425
743
21
4767
1427
9
4410
4215
142
Table 3. 1990 Intermountain Spring Wheat Nursery. Observations of grain
yield, test weight, lodging, plant height, and days to 50% heading of
spring wheat varieties planted at the Klamath Experiment Station, OR.
Yield
lbs/A
Test Wt.
lbs/bu
Lodge
q
Height
inches
Heading date
Julian Days
Yecora Rojo
Fieldwin
Klasic
WB 906R
Blanca
4638
4772
6141
4589
4215
56.0
59.0
64.0
53.0
60.0
0
45
0
18
55
25
38
28
34
35
186
194
185
190
192
6
7
8
9
10
Edwall
ORS 8413
Serra
Treasure
ID266
4366
5336
3437
5034
4584
53.5
62.5
58.0
60.0
62.5
15
0
25
73
43
36
33
31
36
36
193
192
190
194
191
11
12
13
14
15
Sterling
Waduel
Spillman
WB 926
WB Sprite
4125
3692
5285
6073
4533
61.5
60.0
51.0
62.0
59.5
20
25
28
13
90
36
36
36
36
35
193
190
191
189
192
16
17
18
19
20
ORS 8410
UC 748
UC 785
UC 786
UC 850
5460
5031
5446
5585
5397
57.0
64.0
54.5
60.5
60.0
0
0
0
0
60
33
26
27
23
35
191
189
193
192
193
21
22
23
24
25
UC 852
WB Rambo
ID 312
W 2501
W 2502
4523
4624
4155
5366
4239
63.0
63.0
61.0
60.0
54.4
8
40
68
45
40
33
32
35
33
33
193
191
190
191
190
26
27
28
29
30
OR
OR
OR
ID
ID
4885
3800
5029
4702
4168
60.5
58.0
59.0
59.5
60.4
61
3
0
30
73
32
31
34
33
36
190
189
190
190
190
31
32
33
34
35
Nomad
PH984-034
Grandin
Vance
ID 372
5447
4989
4353
4097
4883
63.5
64.0
53.5
61.0
62.0
0
0
0
83
48
33
30
37
36
34
192
189
190
194
190
36
Federation
3459
56.5
13
43
194
Mean:
LSD (0.05)
CV (%)
4735
1855
28
59.4
28
33
4.5
9
191
1.4
1
Entry
1
2
3
4
5
Selection
4870235
4870249
4870279
379
366
143
Table 4. Summary of Intermountain Regional Spring Wheat Variety Trial, 19881990.
Three year summary of spring wheat planted at the Klamath
Experiment Station, OR.
Yield
1988
lbs/A
2-yr Avg
Rank
Yield
3-yr Avg
-lbs/A-
Rank
2390
6328
3143
4558
6070
3906
4316
4731
3936
4312
17
8
2
16
9
3400
4987
4201
4143
4898
13
3
11
12
5
3879
4040
-4338
4098
-7374
-5697
5830
'4123
4688
-4686
4341
13
3
-4
7
5583
-5023
4837
1
-2
7
4125
3692
5285
6073
4533
3791
3904
4016
3453
3745
6126
2496
5390
4278
5416
3958
3798
4651
4763
4139
15
18
5
1
11
4681
3364
4897
4601
4565
8
14
6
9
10
ORS 8410
UC 748
UC 785
UC 786
UC 850
5460
5031
5446
5585
5397
3692
5668
4576
6
4940
4
21
22
23
24
25
UC 852
WB Rambo
ID 312
W 2501
W 2502
4523
4624
4155
5366
4239
4127
4012
4305
3793
12
14
10
19
26
27
28
29
30
OR
OR
OR
ID
ID
4885
3800
5029
4702
4168
31
32
33
34
35
Nomad
PH984-034
Grandin
Vance
ID 372
5447
4989
4353
4097
4883
36
Federation
3459
Means:
LSD (0.05)
CV (%)
4735
1855
28
Entry
Selection
1990
1989
Yecora Rojo
Fieldwin
Klasic
WB 906R
Blanca
4638
4772
6141
4589
4215
3173
3860
3320
3283
4408
6
7
8
9
10
Edwall
ORS 8413
Serra
Treasure
ID 266
4366
5336
3437
5034
4584
11
12
13
14
15
Sterling
Waduel
Spillman
WB 926
WB Sprite
16
17
18
19
20
1
2
3
4
5
4870235
4870249
4870279
379
366
3629
3868
3243
3347
3741
728
19
5055
907
13
4272
4580
144
Table 5. 1990 Hard White Spring Wheat Variety Trial. Observations of
grain yield, test weight, lodging, plant height, and days to
50% heading of spring wheat varieties planted at the Klamath
Experiment Station, OR.
Lodge
%
Height
inches
Heading date
Julian Days
63.0
64.0
64.5
63.0
0
0
0
0
32
33
34
32
194
194
194
191
3950
5701
5133
5766
64.0
61.0
60.0
61.5
0
0
0
0
30
26
31
32
191
192
189
193
ORS 8413
Klasic
Yecora Rojo
Spillman
5766
4949
5832
4489
61.5
60.0
62.5
61.0
0
0
0
0
32
31
28
35
193
189
187
190
Mean:
LSD (0.05)
CV (%)
5499
2095
26
62.2
0
31
7.4
7
191
1.6
1
Selection
Yield
lbs/A
1
2
3
4
OR
OR
OR
OR
4880351
4880352
4880376
4880384
5799
5706
6743
5276
5
6
7
8
OR
OR
OR
OR
4880388
4880391
4880392
4880403
Entry
9
10
11
12
Test Wt.
lbs/bu