Klamath Experiment Station
Spring Barley Variety Screening, 1995
R.L. Dove, R.S. Karow 2 , and G. Chilcote'
I
ntroduction
Spring barley accounts for about 80
percent of cereal crops grown on over
100,000 acres in the Klamath Basin.
Both feed and malting types are important in
the region. Barley variety trials planted at the
Klamath Experiment Station (KES) in 1995
included: entries in the Western Regional
Spring Barley trial done in cooperation with
western states plant breeders, and a collection
of new and promising lines from the Oregon
State University (OSU) barley breeding program. The trial, in cooperation with OSU, was
planted at KES and at two sites in the Lower
Klamath Lake area. Screening of early selections from Idaho, Montana, and Washington
breeding programs was also conducted in
nonreplicated trials.
Procedures
All small grain variety trials at the KES
were on land planted in potatoes the previous
year. Soils at the station include Poe, Fordney,
and Hosley series, all of which have a fineloamy to sandy texture, and are moderately
deep and somewhat poorly drained. The offstation trials were on very deep, poorly
drained, lake bottom soils with high organic
matter content. These fields are cropped in
spring cereals continuously. All plots at KES
were sprinkler irrigated. Only one organic soil
site was irrigated.
An trials were arranged in a randomized
complete block design with four replications.
Crops at the KES were planted on May 16 and
17. Irrigated and unirrigated organic soil sites
were planted on June 8 and 12, respectively.
Seed was planted to a depth of 1 inch at a
seeding rate of 100 lb/A. All plots were fertilized with 100 lb N, 60 lb P 2 O5 , and 44 lb S/A
at time of seeding. Plots measured 5 x 20 feet,
with a row spacing of 6 inches (10 rows). At
KES, bromoxynil and MCPA were applied at
labeled rates to control broadleaf weeds. Weed
control at organic soil sites was achieved with
a mixture of 2,4-D and Banvel. Plots were
harvested in late September at the KES, and in
late October at off-station sites using a plot
combine with a 5-foot wide header. Grain yield
was recorded for all plots. Test weight, percent
plumps, and percent thins were measured in
only one replication.
Results and Discussion
Grain yields of barley variety trials at KES
were lower in 1995 than in 1994 due to late
planting in 1995 caused by unusually wet
spring conditions. Wet conditions in 1995
Associate Professor, and Research Technician, respectively, Klamath Experiment Station, Klamath
Falls, OR.
2 Professor, Crop and Soil Sciences Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR.
"
Acknowledgments: Henzel Farms provided the off-station sites and crop care. Trials were supported
by a grant from the Oregon Grains Commission. The Experiment Station greatly appreciates their
support and participation.
12 KLAMATH EXPERIMENT STATION 1995
Klamath Experiment Station
Spring Barley Variety Screening, 1995
were also conducive to the development of
common root rot, which further lowered
yields. Barley stripe rust (BSR) was detected
in the Klamath Basin for the first time in 1995.
Infestation was widespread throughout the
Klamath Basin but in general was not severe
enough to produce large economic losses.
Infestation levels at KES were fairly low and
did not significantly reduce grain yield.
similar, as is reflected in the three-year trial
means at each site. In contrast, the unirrigated
organic soil site is less productive and has a
trial mean yield that is only 85 percent of the
irrigated organic soil site. Although the two
irrigated sites have similar yields, the relative
performance of varieties at the two sites is
quite different.
Western Regional Spring Barley
Nursery
Yield trends over the past three years at
KES were similar to those seen in the Western
Regional Spring Barley Nursery discussed
above. Barley yields in 1994 were significantly
higher than 1993 and 1995. Wheatstem
maggot damage was extensive in 1993, and
undoubtedly reduced yields. Yields were
reduced in 1993 and 1995 by late planting and
a severe infestation of common root rot.
Baroness was the highest yielding entry in
1995 (Table 4). Although Baroness was the
highest yielding entry in 1993 and 1995, it
produced significantly less grain in 1994 than
most entries in the trial. Baroness was less
affected by wheatstem maggot and possibly
common root rot than other varieties in 1993.
In 1994, when higher yields were possible due
to favorable weather and the absence of pests,
the relative ranking of Baroness was lower due
to better performance by high producing
varieties. BSR 41 is another entry in this trial
in 1995 that should be noted. BSR 41 is a
source of resistance to barley stripe rust. It
has been used in breeding programs to incorporate resistance to BSR in more agronomically desirable lines. However, yields of this
line are not significantly lower than a number
of commercially available spring barley varieties, and are 83 and 91 percent of Baroness and
Steptoe, respectively (Table 4).
There was no one outstanding entry in the
1995 Western Regional Spring Barley Nursery.
Grain yields of the 15 highest yielding varieties
were not significantly different (Table 1). The
highest yielding entry in the trial, MT 890008,
was a 2-row feed barley. It produced significantly higher yields than Steptoe and Morex,
but not Klages. A number of 6-row feed lines
from Utah were also in the highest yielding
group. These Utah lines (UT 1705D, UT
1705, UT 2144, UT 1705L) produced the four
highest grain yields over the 1994 and 1995
(Table 2). Over a three-year period, UT
1705D, UT 1705L, and UT 2144 produced
significantly higher grain yields than several
other lines in the trial (Table 3).
OSU Spring Barley Trials
OSU spring barley variety trials were
•
established at three different locations in 1994.
The 18-entry trial was located at the KES on
mineral soil, and at two organic soil locations
on the Lower Klamath Lake. One organic soil
site was irrigated by overhead sprinkler irrigation. The other site was flood irrigated prior to
planting, with no further irrigation. In general,
the yield potential of the two irrigated sites is
Irrigated Mineral Soil Site
KLAMATH EXPERIMENT STATION 1995
13
Klamath Experiment Station
Spring Barley Variety Screening, 1995
Average yields from 1992, 1993, and 1995
were compiled for this trial (Table 5). Yields
from 1994 were not included due to the
exclusion of a number of important varieties in
that year. Baroness produced the highest
average yield for 1993 and 1995. Steptoe was
the highest yielding entry in the trial when
averaged over the three years included in Table
5. Other entries with three-year average yields
not significantly lower than Steptoe include
Maranna, Columbia, and Gustoe.
Irrigated Organic Soil Site
Colter was the highest yielding entry in the
trial in 1995 (Table 6). Colter was the highest
yielding entry at the irrigated organic soil site
for four years in a row prior to 1994. In 1994,
it was the second highest yielding variety and
its yields were not significantly lower than
Crest, the highest yielding variety in 1994
(Table 6). Average yields from 1992, 1993,
and 1995 were compiled for this trial (Table
7). Yields from 1994 were not included in this
table due to the exclusion of a number of
important varieties in that year. Although
Baroness was the highest yielding entry at the
mineral soil site over a two-year period, it
ranked ninth at the organic soil site over the
same period. Colter was the highest yielding
entry in the trial when averaged over the three
years included in Table 7. Other entries with
three-year average yields not significantly
lower than Steptoe include Russell, Gustoe,
and Maranna.
Unirrigated Organic Soil Site
A severe mid-August frost at the
unirrigated Lower Klamath Lake site severely
damaged heads in the early stages of grain fill
14 KLAMATH EXPERIMENT STATION 1995
resulting in blasted heads and almost total yield
loss. Due to this severe damage the
unirrigated Lower Klamath Lake site was not
harvested.
Klamath Experiment Station
Table 1. 1995 Western Regional Spring Barley Nursery.
Grain yield, test weight, percent thins, lodging, plant height, and date of 50% heading in Julian days
(number of days after January 1) of spring barley lines planted in the 1995 Western Regional Spring
Barley Nursery. Plots were established on May 16 at Klamath Experiment Station, Klamath
County, OR.
Entry
Variety or
selection
Row Use'
Yield
Test
wt
lb/A
Ib/bu
6/65
Thins
5.5/65
Pan
%
50%
Height Heading
inches
Julian
Steptoe
Klages
Morex
Excel
Harrington
6
2
6
6
2
F
M
M
M
M
4590
4770
4130
4320
4630
53.0
56.0
54.0
54.0
55.0
95.0
95.3
95.9
96.5
95.8
3.4
3.3
3.2
2.6
2.7
1.6
1.4
0.9
0.8
1.6
27
32
33
31
30
191
200
189
193
195
6
7
8
9
10
UT 1705L
UT 1705D
UT 2144
DA 587-170
BU 585-82
6
6
6
6
6
F
F
F
F
F
4950
4930
4520
3520
3800
51.5
50.5
50.0
52.5
51.0
92.5
92.4
90.2
91.3
90.5
5.0
5.6
6.9
6.3
6.1
2.5
2.0
2.9
2.5
3.4
32
28
26
23
20
190
193
188
198
196
11
12
13
14
15
MT 890008
BA 2B89-4311
BA 2B91-4947
ND 11055
ND 13299
2
2
2
6
2
F
M
M
M
M
5270
4740
4940
4780
3720
54.0
55.0
53.5
53.0
56.0
94.9
96.6
91.6
96.9
98.4
3.4
2.2
5.1
2.1
1.1
1.7
1.2
3.3
0.9
0.5
30
30
31
34
27
200
198
197
193
192
16
17
18
19
20
ND 13300
ID 86326
WA 7758-89
WA 9908-89
SS SDM306B
2
2
2
6
6
M
M
M
M
F
4140
4480
4630
4730
4140
54.5
56.5
55.0
53.0
51.5
96.4
96.8
98.1
95.0
91.4
2.6
2.0
1.2
3.5
6.1
1.0
1.2
0.7
1.5
2.5
29
29
29
29
26
192
199
197
192
189
21
22
23
24
25
UT 1705
MT 886610
MT 889106
BA 2B91-4248
ID 862626
6
2
2
2
2
F
M
M
M
M
5230
4410
4370
4740
4200
50.0
55.5
56.5
57.0
54.0
87.4
93.0
98.2
95.3
92.7
9.4
4.0
1.3
2.8
4.3
3.2
3.1
0.5
1.9
3.0
29
31
25
28
29
192
197
192
195
199
26
27
28
29
30
ID 90321
ND 14636
DA 592-47
UT 5201
WA 7058-91
2
2
6
6
6
M
M
F
M
M
4840
4480
4340
4360
4530
54.5
57.0
48.0
52.0
55.0
92.7
97.2
92.2
91.9
96.6
4.2
1.5
6.0
5.9
2.5
3.0
1.3
1.8
2.2
0.9
26
29
25
32
31
191
191
199
193
193
31
32
WA 9339-91
WA 12668-91
6
2
M
M
4730
4850
53.0
55.0
94.5
94.7
4.0
3.3
1.5
2.0
30
29
193
198
4530
640
10.1
53.7
-
94.3
--
3.9
--
1.8
--
29
4
11.1
194
2
0.8
1
2
3
4
5
Mean
LSD (0.05)
CV (%)
I/ F denotes a feed barley variety, while M denotes a malting line.
KLAMATH EXPERIMENT STATION 1995 15
Klamath Experiment Station
Table 2. Three-Year Summary of Western Regional Spring Barley Nursery.
Summary of grain yield of the Western Regional Spring Barley Nursery grown from 1993 to
1995. Two-year averages represent 1995 and 1994 grain yields. Plots were established at
Klamath Experiment Station, Klamath County, OR.
Yield
Variety or
selection
Row
Use'
1995
1994
1993
2-year Avg
3-year Avg
lb/A
lb/A
lb/A
lb/A
rank
lb/A
rank
Steptoe
Klages
Morex
Excel
UT 1705L
6
2
6
6
6
F
M
M
M
F
4590
4770
4130
4320
4950
4420
4980
4640
4530
6490
4730
4070
3520
3980
4580
4500
4880
4380
4420
5720
20
15
22
21
4
4580
4610
4090
4270
5340
6
5
9
8
2
UT 1705D
UT 2144
DA 587-170
BU 585-82
MT 890008
6
6
6
6
2
F
F
F
F
F
4930
4520
3520
3800
5270
7370
7000
6350
7250
5000
4450
4110
3580
3580
6150
5760
4940
5520
5130
1
3
14
5
8
5580
5210
4490
4870
1
3
7
4
BA 2B89-4311
BA 2B91-4947
ND 11055
ND 13299
ND 13300
2
2
6
2
2
M
M
M
M
M
4740
4940
4780
3720
4140
5380
5660
4770
5350
5900
5060
5300
4770
4530
5020
11
7
17
19
13
ID 86326
WA 7758-89
WA 9908-89
SS SDM306B
UT 1705
2
2
6
6
6
M
M
M
F
F
4480
4630
4730
4140
5230
5040
5590
5340
6710
6860
4760
5110
5030
5430
6040
18
10
12
6
2
MT 886610
MT 889106
BA 2B91-4248
ID 862626
ID 90321
2
2
2
2
2
M
M
M
M
M
4410
4370
4740
4200
4840
5300
5870
4860
5120
16
9
ND 14636
DA 592-47
UT 5201
WA 7058-91
WA 9339-91
2
6
6
6
6
M
F
M
M
M
4480
4340
4360
4530
4730
WA 12668-91
Harrington
2
2
M
M
4850
4630
Mean
LSD (0.05)
CV (%)
4520
640
10.1
5720
970
12.0
4070
520
9.0
I/ F denotes a feed barley line, while M denotes a malting line.
16
KLAMATH EXPERIMENT STATION 1995
5110
590
11.6
4780
510
13.1
Klamath Experiment Station
Table 3. General Summary of Western Regional Spring Barley Nursery.
Grain yield, test weight, percent thins, lodging, plant height, and date of 50% heading in Julian days
(number of days after January 1) of spring barley lines planted in the Western Regional Spring Barley
Nursery from 1993 to 1995. Values represent three-year average of plots at Klamath Experiment
Station, Klamath County, OR.
Variety or
selection
Row
Use'
Test
wt
Yield
lb/A
6/65
Thins
5.5/65 Pan
rank I b/bu
Lodge
50%
Height Heading
%
inches
Julian
Steptoe
Klages
Murex
BEd
UT 1705L
6
2
6
6
6
F
M
M
M
F
4580
4610
4090
4270
5340
6
5
9
8
2
51.7
55.7
53.3
532
51.5
92.1
94.4
92.5
93.0
94.9
5.1
3.7
5.2
52
3.8
2.8
1.9
2.3
1.8
1.4
28
23
22
22
8
33
36
40
38
36
185
195
185
188
185
UT 1705D
UT 2144
DA587-170
BU 585-82
6
6
6
6
F
F
F
F
5580
5210
4490
4880
1
3
7
4
51.0
49.3
52.5
522
93.8
92.0
933
94.9
4.6
5.8
4.7
3.4
1.5
2.2
2.0
1.7
0
0
5
0
34
32
27
27
187
184
193
192
52.3
2.3
2.5
93.4
NS
5.9
4.6
NS
3.7
2.0
NS
23
12
10
102
34
3
11
188
1
1
Mean
LSD (0.05)
CV ( %)
I/
4780
510
13
F denotes a feed barley line, while M denotes a malting line.
KLAMATH EXPERIMENT STATION 1995 17
Klamath Experiment Station
Table 4. 1995 OSU Spring Barley Trial (Irrigated mineral soil site).
Grain yield, test weight, percent protein, lodging, plant he ight, and date of 50% heading in Julian days (number
of days after January 1) of spring barley lines planted in the 1995 State-wide Variety Testing Program. Plots
were established on May 16 on irrigated mineral soil, at Klamath Experiment Station, Klamath County, OR.
Entry
Variety or
selection
Row
Use'
Yield
Test
wt
Protein
Lodge
Height
50%
Heading
lb/A
Ib/bu
%
%
inches
Julian
27
24
24
27
22
194
1
Baroness
2
F
5150
54.0
10.7
0
2
3
4
5
Columbia
Colter -ID
Crest
Gus
6
6
2
2
F
F
M
M
4780
4610
4240
4500
46.8
51.0
54.4
48.9
10.4
10.4
11.4
11.0
0
0
0
0
Maranna -ID
Russell -ID
F
M
F
M
F
4740
3810
4710
4940
4010
512
51.8
51.1
54.9
51.0
10.2
10.1
9.8
10.0
10.5
0
0
0
0
0
26
30
29
30
26
198
191
189
197
200
0
0
0
0
0
28
26
27
21
30
188
194
201
195
190
199
189
198
192
6
7
8
9
10
Steptoe
78Ab1 0274
82Ab23222 (Payette)
6
6
6
2
6
11
12
13
14
15
BSR 41
WPB Sissi
WPB BZ 489-74
Gustoe
Foster
2
6
6
6
6
M
F
H
F
M
4300
52.9
4610
3480
4230
4220
52.9
60.6
49.6
52.1
10.7
10.2
13.7
10.1
10.7
16
17
18
Stander
BA 2601
BA 2602
6
M
4180
51.9
11.0
0
31
194
6
6
M
M
3880
4940
51.4
54.5
11.0
10.6
0
0
30
30
196
195
4410
580
351
52.3
1.3
1
10.7
0.9
1
0
NS
0
27
2
1
194
2
1
Mean
LSD (0.05)
CV (%)
1/ F denotes a feed barley variety, while M denotes a malting line and H denotes a hay line.
18 KLAMATH EXPERIMENT STATION 1995
Klamath Experiment Station
Table 5. Three-Year Summary of OSU Spring Barley Trials (Mineral Soil Site).
Summary of grain yield of OSU Spring Barley Trials grown in 1992, 1993, and 1995. Two-year averages
represent 1995 and 1993 grain yields. Plots were established at Klamath Experiment Station, Klamath County,
OR.
Yield
Variety or
Entry
selection
3-year Avg
1995
1993
1992
2-year Avg
lb/A
lb/A
lb/A
lb/A
rank
lb/A
rank
1
Steptoe
Columbia
Colter
4710
4780
4610
4460
5590
4590
2
3
3630
3160
4880
5410
4200
3880
2
4
6
4920
4430
4390
3
5
4
Maranna
5
6
Russell
Gustoe
4740
3810
4230
3860
3090
3560
5300
4580
5400
4300
3450
3890
3
9
5
4630
3830
4390
2
8
4
7
BA 2601
3880
3470
3680
Payette
Baroness
4010
5150
3080
4680
7
8
1
4150
4030
6
8
9
5090
5010
Mean
4430
3660
5160
4050
1
3540
4920
7
4350
KLAMATH EXPERIMENT STATION 1995
19
Klamath Experiment Station
Table 6. 1995 OSU Spring Barley Trial (Irrigated organic soil site).
Grain yield, test weight, and percent thins of spring barley lines planted in the 1995 State-wide Variety Testing
Program. Plots were established on June 8 on irrigated organic soil, in Klamath County, OR.
Test
Variety or
Entry
selection
Row
wt
lb/A
Ib/bu
6/64
5.5/64
Pan
Baroness
Columbia
Colter -ID
Crest
Gus
2
6
6
2
2
M
F
F
M
M
2570
3510
4520
2390
3780
36.0
41.5
39.0
42.0
37.0
71.9
93.0
632
85.9
75.1
14.6
3.8
21.4
7.8
14.9
13.4
32
15.4
6.3
10.0
6
7
8
9
10
Maranna -ID
Russell -ID
Steptoe
78Ab10274
82Ab23222 (Payette)
6
6
6
2
6
F
M
F
M
F
3060
3640
3480
1960
3110
41.5
38.5
32.0
43.0
40.0
85.9
70.1
85.5
81.9
84.6
7.9
15.5
62
102
8.1
62
14.4
8.3
8.0
7.3
11
12
13
14
15
BSR-412
WPB Sissi
WPB BZ 489-74
Gustoe
Foster
2
6
6
6
6
M
F
H
F
M
-3080
3710
3180
2920
38.0
53.5
36.0
37.0
77.0
77.7
78.7
76.8
12.0
9.8
11.3
10.8
-10.9
12.5
9.9
12.3
16
17
18
Stander
BA2601
BA 1215
6
6
6
M
M
M
4400
4230
2440
45.0
40.5
40.5
86.1
81.7
77.3
7.5
9.5
10.4
6.4
8.8
12.3
3290
780
14
40.1
79.6
10.7
9.7
/ F denotes a feed barley variety, while M denotes a malting line and H denote a hay line.
BSR-41 not included at this site due to lack of seed.
2/
20
Yield
1
2
3
4
5
Mean
LSD (0.05)
CV (°/0)
1
Use'
Thins
KLAMATH EXPERIMENT STATION 1995
Klamath Experiment Station
Table 7. Three-Year Summary of OSU Spring Barley Trials (Organic Soil Site).
Summary of grain yield of OSU Spring Barley Trials grown in 1992, 1993, and 1995. Two-year averages
represent 1995 and 1993 grain yields. Plots were established in Klamath County, OR.
Yield
Variety or
3-year Avg
1995
1993
1993
lb/A
lb/A
lb/A
lb/A
rank
lb/A
rank
Colter
3480
3510
4520
3870
4680
6220
4770
4340
6030
3680
4090
5370
8
6
1
4040
4170
5590
6
5
1
Maranna
Russell
Gustoe
3060
3640
3180
5140
5610
5940
5030
5900
5500
4100
4620
4560
5
3
4
4410
5050
4870
4
2
BA2601
Payette
Baroness
4230
3110
2570
5780
4950
3620
5000
4030
3090
2
7
9
Mean
3480
5090
selection
Steptoe
Columbia
5260
2-year Avg
4280
3
4690
KLAMATH EXPERIMENT STATION 1995 21