Nigeria
Presented by Guillaume
Onyeaghala
Location
Country Facts
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Historically, it was also known as the
Benin empire, and believed the be the
home of the bantu people, who
migrated and populated most of east
and central Africa throughout history
Several Hundreds of languages
spoken, by over 250 ethnic groups
Main Languages are Hausa, Yoruba,
Igbo, Kanuri, Fulfulde and English
(official language)
The population of Nigeria is 124 millions
 Lagos is the largest city in the
country, with a population of 9
millions
 Abuja is the administrative capital
of the country
 Other large cities include Kano (3.6
millions) and Oyo (3.5 millions)
Nigeria became independent from
the united kingdom on October 1,
1963
Nigeria today
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The government is a presidential federal republic,
led by Goodluck Jonathan as the president and
Namadi Sambo as the prime minister.
The Republic is composed of 36 states.
Nigeria is one of the largest oil-producing countries
in the world and the largest producer in Africa
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Most of the country’s resources was focused on
the oil industry to the neglect of agriculture and
mining
Unfortunately, economic competition over the
country’s large oil reserves has added to the
already existing tensions in the country
Sources of Tension
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Religious and ethnic tensions in Nigeria:
 There are 300 distinct ethnic groups and various expressions of three dominant
religions: Islam, Christianity, and traditional Animist religion. While ethnic and
religious conflicts in Nigeria are two separate tensions, they are usually
connected since specific ethnic groups tend to practice a certain religion.
 The majority of Nigerians belong to three major ethnic groups: the Hausa-Fulani in
the North, the Igbo in the Southeast and the Yoruba in the Southwest. Each of
these groups is unusually large, possesses unique and different cultures, and has a
strong sense of tribal cohesion.
 These different groups have been characterized by suspicion and mistrust,
especially during the colonial era. As a result, the Biafra war began after a
political coup and counter coup in 1966 which resulted in the secession of the
state of Biafra due to political grievances and the violence quickly took on both
ethnic and religious undertones as a conflict between the Muslim North and the
Christian Southeast.
 Clashes between Christian and Muslim communities with a history of peaceful
cohabitation followed, in which thousands of people were killed, property
destroyed, and hundreds of thousands displaced. The adoption of the Sharia
criminal legal system by a slew of Northern Nigerian Muslim-majority states
between 2000 and 2002 was the highpoint of this new politicization of religion.
Once Sharia was introduced, it only added to the fear of Christians that they
would be persecuted and their freedoms, guaranteed in the Nigerian
constitution, curtailed.
 In recent years, the Boko Haram religious group in northern Nigeria has been in
conflict with the government and is attempting to establish Sharia Law in northern
parts of the country.
Public Health Challenges
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According to the CDC
website, the top causes of
death in Nigeria are
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Malaria 20%
Lower Respiratory Infections
19%
HIV 9%
Diarrheal Diseases 5%
Road Injuries 5%
Protein-Energy Malnutrition
4%
Cancer 3%
Meningitis 3%
Stroke 3%
Tuberculosis 2%
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CDC is building Nigerian
epidemiologic capacity
through the Field Epidemiology
and Laboratory Training
Program (FELTP).
Since its inception in 2008, NFELTP has assisted in the
detection, investigation and
response to more than 70
disease outbreaks including
lead poisoning in Zamfara
State, multi-state outbreaks of
Lassa fever and cholera,
monitoring of malaria response
and interventions, and
supports polio eradication
efforts.
Public Health Challenges
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Environmental pollution
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Due to the emphasis on
the oil industry, then
environment has suffered
from the toxic waste
generated
Additionally, the Nigerian
Government is ‘infamous’
for its corruption
allegations, and many
believe that it turned a
blind eye on the pollution
problem
There was a large lash
back by the Nigerian
population against the
SHELL oil company, which
was in charge of most of
the drilling and extraction
operations of oil in Nigeria
The environmental problems
are also created due to fires
often caused by bandits who
tap the pipelines in order to
siphon oil or gas, often
endangering the population
living near these locations
Wildlife
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The main wildlife in Nigeria has over 200
mammal species, including lions, leopard ,
elephants, and many primates and rodents.
Many of the primate and rodent species are
often hunted in rural areas and known as
‘bush meat’. Handling of bush meat often
causes concern for public health officials due
to the risk of exposure to zoonotic diseases.
The main bodies of water include the Osun
Osogbo River (which has an important
religious and mythological place in Nigerian
folklore), the Niger river and the Benin River.
Vibrant Artistic Community
Nigeria has a large movie
business, and the Nigerian
equivalent of Hollywood is
Nollywood
This movie business is not only
extremely popular amongst
Nigerian at home or abroad,
but it also has gotten
international recognition in
recent years!
Literature
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Chinua Achebe –
winner 2007 Man Booker
International Prize,and
often cited as the
"Father of Modern
African Literature“ with
his famous book “Things
fall apart.”
Wole Soyinka - poet,
playwright and novelist;
awarded 1986Nobel
Prize in Literature
Music
Left to right, top to
bottom:
• Fela Kuti, a Nigerian
Music legend
• P-square, a Nigerian
pop duo of
international fame
(last played in
Minneapolis in 2010)
• Chidinma, MTN
Project Fame West
Africa’s first ever
female winner and a
rising star!
Nigerian Fashion
Nigerian fashion has a strong
emphasis on introducing
traditional elements into
modern couture
Sports
 Nigeria’s
sports
teams are known
for competing at
an international
level in a wide
variety of
disciplines!
The Wonders of
Nigeria
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Each of Nigeria’s
ethnic groups have
several festivals that
are widely known in
the country and in
West Africa
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The New Yam
festival for the Igbo
The Durbar Festival
for the Hausa
Tourism
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The mouth of the Niger river in
Nigeria is one of the most
popular regions to visit
It is close to the Anambra
region, which is also popular
for its yearly yam festival
Lagos is also a great place to
visit, and as the commercial
center of the country it
features some of the best
museums and cultural centers
in the region.
Kano City is also a great spot
with a rich historical and
cultural influence, and with
monuments that are more
than 1000 year old
Food 
Fufu and
Stew
Jollof Rice
Akara
Moi Moi
Pepper Soup