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TheRussianRevolution
• Before1917,Russiawasan
autocracy
• TheCzarwastheabsoluteruler
• ThelastoftheCzarswasNicholasII
• DuringWWI,Russiadidnotdowell
• Millionsofpeoplewerekilled,wounded,or
missing
• Citizensdidnothaveenoughfood
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• Soldiersdidnothaveenough
clothes,shoes,orweapons
• Germanyseemedtobewinningthewar
• TheCzarignoredthesignsthatpeoplewere
unhappy
• Hedidnotseethatchangeswereneededin
thewaythathiscountrywasrun
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• Inearly1917,therewere
riotsinthestreets
• women,factoryworkers,
andfarmersshouting
forchangeoutnumbered
police
*Themilitarycouldnotkeepthepeace
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• ManyintheCzar’sarmyturnedagainstthe
rulers
• TheCzarandhisfamily
werecaptured
• Agovernmentwassetupto
trytorunthecountry,there
weretoomanyproblems
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• Therewasanotherrevolution
• CommunistsledbyVladimir
Lenin
• TheCzarandhisfamilywere
executed
• Leninreorganizedthecountry
andrenamedittheSoviet
Union
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• Thesovietsgaveupalargeamountoflandto
Germany
• Thislandwasgoodforfarmingandhadmany
naturalresources
• Thesovietshadlittlechoice,theircountrywas
fallingapartaroundthem
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TreatyofVersailles
• Versaillesisagrandpalace
outsidethecityofParis,
France
• Attheend,ofWWI,leaders
fromthecountriesinvolved
inthewarmetthereto
writeatreaty
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• TheTreatyofVersailles
explainedwhatthe
winnerswouldgainand
whattheloserswould
lose
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• Manyoftheleadersofthe
winningcountriesblamed
Germanyforthewar
• TheywantedtheGermans
punishedseverely
• Germanylostimportantterritory,including
landsrichinnaturalresources
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• Italsolostallofits
colonies
• GermanEmperorWilhelm
IIwastobeputontrial
forwarcrimes
• FranceandGreatBritain
wantedtomakesurethatGermanycouldnot
attackthemagain
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• TheirgoalwastomakeGermanyaweak
country
• Germanyhadtoreducethesizeofitsarmy
andnavy
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• Francelostalotinthe
war
• Over2millionFrench
peoplelosttheirlives
• AlargepartofthewarwasfoughtinFrance
• Farms,houses,cities,andindustrieswere
destroyed
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• Highways,bridges,andrailroadshadtobe
rebuilt
• Thealliesaddedaparttothetreatythatsaid
Germanyhadtopaythealliesaverylarge
amountofmoney
• Thismoneywastobeusedtorepaycivilians
wholostpropertybecauseofthewar
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WorldWideDepression
• AfterWWI,mostcountriesintheworldbegan
toprosper
• Americansenjoyedatimecalled
the“RoaringTwenties”
• Peoplefeltgoodabouttheeconomy
• Theybelievedthattheyhadachance
todowell
*In1929,thegoodtimesended
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• Inthefallof1929,theU.S.
experiencedastockmarket
crash
• Thevalueofstocks(sharesof
ownership)peopleheldincompaniesbegana
steepandquickdrop
• Stockholdersrealizedthattheywereindanger
oflosingeverythingtheyowned
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• Theybegantoselltheirstocksasfastasthey
could
• Sincethereweremoresellersthanbuyers,the
pricescontinuedtofall
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• Businessesfoundtheycouldnolongersell
theirgoodsbecausepeoplehadlessmoneyto
spend
• Thebusinesscouldnotpaytheirdebts
• Whenbusinessescouldnotpaytheirdebts,
theyhadtoclose
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• Thismeantworkerslosttheirjobs,these
eventshappenedsoquicklythatapanic
occurred
• Peopletriedtogettotheirbankstogettheir
money,andtheytriedtoselltheirstocksfor
anyamounttheycouldget
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• Panicsellingandarunonthebankcausedthe
economyoftheU.S.tocometoahalt
• Farmerswhocouldnotgetmoneytopaytheir
loanslosttheirfarms
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• Businessesaroundtheworldtradedwith
America
• WhentheU.S.stoppedbuyinggoods,ithurt
businessesinothercountries
• WhenU.S.banksclosed,banksinother
countrieswerehurttoo
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• Stockholdersinothercountriesbegantosell
theirstocksforlowprices
• TheycouldnotselltheirstocksinAmerican
companiesforanyprice
• Whatfollowedwascalledaworldwide
economicdepression
• Asbusinessesandfactoriesclosedonebyone,
buyingandsellingalmoststopped
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• Germanyfacedmany
problemsafterWWI
• Ithadlostlandsthat
containedvaluablenatural
resources
• 2.5millionGermanslost
theirlives
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• 4millionwerewounded
• Industryandfarmsinthecountryhadbeen
destroyed
• Highways,bridges,andrailroadshadtobe
rebuilt
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• TheGermangovernmentworkedtosolvethe
country’sproblems
• Thelargestobstaclewasithadtopaybackthe
Alliedcountriesforthewar
• MillionsofdollarswereleavingGermanyfor
FranceandGreatBritain
• Germanywasforbiddentohavealargearmy
andnavy,somanymilitarypeoplelosttheir
jobs
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• Priceswentupasgoods
becamescarce
• Basicitemssuchasfood,
andclothingwerenot
alwaysavailable
• Menhadtroublefindingjobstosupporttheir
families
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• Peopleblamedthegovernment
• Theywantedtheirleaderstofindsolutionsto
theirproblems
• WhenthestockmarketcrashedintheU.S.
thismadeconditionsevenworseforGermans
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• AdolfHitlercameonthescene
withabigplan
• Heandhisfollowers,calledtheNationalist
SocialistorNaziPartysaidtheycouldfixthe
problemsinGermany
• GermansblamedtheTreatyofVersaillesfor
manyoftheproblems
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• TheyalsosaidthatJewsin
thecountrywerecontrolling
thebanksandmoney
• TheyblamedJewsforthefactthatmany
Germanswerenotabletomakeagoodliving
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• HitlerwasnamedChancellorof
Germanyin1933
• Hemadsurethatlawswere
quicklypassedtogivehimmore
power
• Soonhehadcompletecontrolofthe
government
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• Hehadthepowersofa
dictator
• HeandtheNazisbeganto
rebuildGermany’smilitary
• Heopenedfactoriestobuild
weapons
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• Heputunemployedpeopleto
workbuildingasuperhighway
system
• Theeconomyimproved,butpeoplelostmany
oftheircivilrights
• ManyGermansdecidedthatitwasbetterto
loserightsthantogowithoutfood
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• Germanswhospoke
againsttheNaziswereput
inprisonormurdered
• AsHitler’sstrengthgrew,he
madeplanstogotowar
• In1936,Hitlersenttroopsintosomeof
Germany’sformerterritories
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• By1938,Germantroops
controlledAustriaand
Czechoslovakia
• Europeancountriesprotested,butdid
nothingtostopHitler
*In1939,GermanyinvadedPoland
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• FranceandEngland
decidedsomethingmustbe
done,theydeclaredwaron
Germany,WWIIbegan
*
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