Standard 2 Exam
Biology
1. This macromolecule is responsible for structural support, movement, enzymatic activity, cell
communication, and is made of amino acids.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
ATP
2. This macromolecule is responsible for short term energy storage and structural support in plants
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
ATP
3. This macromolecule is responsible for long term energy storage, steroids, and cell membrane
structure
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
ATP
4. This macromolecule is responsible for storing and transferring genetic information.
a. Lipids
b. Carbohydrates
c. Proteins
d. Nucleic Acids
e. ATP
5. Proteins that speed up chemical reactions
a. Mitochondria
b. Carbohydrates
c. Phospholipids
d. Golgi Apparatus
e. Enzyme
Standard 2 Exam
Biology
6. Process that produces ATP using oxygen and sugar
a. Photosynthesis
b. Cellular Respiration
c. Electron transport
d. Dehydration synthesis
e. ATP Hydrolysis
7. _________________ is maintaining a stable internal environment
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Turgor pressure
Photosynthesis
Meiosis
Homeostasis
Nucleus
8. ___________________ is the net movement of water from an area high concentration to an area
of lower concentration
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Diffusion
Osmosis
Active transport
Phagocytosis
Exocytosis
9. If you wished to test the hypothesis that atomic radiation slows down the rate of radish seed
growth, which of the following experimental designs would be best to use
a.
b.
c.
d.
Use 25 radish seeds and 25 pea seeds and compare results
Plant 50 irradiated seeds and note the effect of the radiation
Plant 25 irradiated seeds and 25 normal seeds at the same time and compare results
Plant 25 normal seeds, note the results, then plane 25 irradiated seeds, and compare
results
10. Which chemical elements would you expect to find in abundance in a living cell?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Hydrogen, neon, argon
Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen
Iron, magnesium, calcium
Sodium, potassium, sulfur
Standard 2 Exam
Biology
11. Which of the following describes the function of proteins?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Energy formation and storage
Energy used in muscles and reaction
Structural use and enzyme formation
Heredity and genetic code carriers
12. What are the building blocks of protein molecules?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Polymers
Fatty acids
Glucose molecules
Amino acids
13. Which of the following statements are true of enzymes?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
They are lipids
They are poisonous if combined with starches
They can only be used once
They usually slow down reactions and prevent overheating of the cells
They usually speed up chemical reactions
14. The enzyme graphed below will work best in
a.
b.
c.
d.
an alkaline medium
an acid medium
a neutral medium
a carbohydrate medium
Standard 2 Exam
Biology
15. The six elements that make up 99.9% of all living things include
a.
b.
c.
d.
C, K, O , N, Ca and S
C, P, S, H, O and N
C, P, K, I, O and N
N, O, P, H, S, and T
16. What is the most common food storage compound in plants?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Glucose
Starch
Sucrose
Cellulose
17. Your mother wants to go on a high-protein, no –carbohydrate diet to lose ten pounds. She talks
to you and asks what you think. You tell her she should look on the government website to find
out about the functions of proteins and carbohydrates in the body before she goes on this diet.
She tells you later carbohydrates help provide energy for the body and so she will not go on this
diet. What does this scenario demonstrate?
a. Knowledge about macromolecules is important for everyone, not just scientists.
b. Knowledge about macromolecules is important only for the food industry researchers to
know as they make new processed food.
c. Knowledge about macromolecules is too difficult for everyone to understand and should
be left only to scientists.
d. Knowledge about macromolecules is unimportant, as long as people like the way they
look.
e. Fat
18. Which characteristic of water allows it to support the weight of objects more dense than water?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Capillary action
Surface tension
Specific heat
Evaporation
Adhesion
Standard 2 Exam
Biology
19. One characteristic of prokaryote cells is that they
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Have no nucleus or any membrane-bound organelles
Lack cell walls
Have no DNA
Have no cell membrane
Have no cytoplasm
20. Which of the following organelles would NOT be found in the cells of a mouse?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Chloroplasts
Lysosome
Golgi bodies
Ribosomes
Endoplasmic reticulum
21. Sally eats ripe apples because of the high sugar content. Which of the following plant cell
structures stores the sugar?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Golgi apparatus
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Vacuoles
22. The pancreas is an organ that creates the protein insulin. Which organelle in a pancreas cell
packages insulin to be secreted out of the cell?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Golgi apparatus
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Vacuoles
Nucleus
Standard 2 Exam
Biology
23. What cell structure makes it possible for the internal environment of any cell to differ from the
external environment?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Endoplasmic reticulum
Cell wall
Middle lamella
Plasma membrane
Nucleus
24. In order to function, cells must maintain a constant internal environment. The maintenance of
relatively stable internal condition is called
a. Metabolism
b. Homeostasis
c. Active transport
d. Osmosis
e. Respiration
25. Which of the following terms describes the movement of gas molecules from an area of high
concentration to an area of low concentration?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Osmosis
Active transport
Filtration
Diffusion
26. What is it called when carbon dioxide moves into the leaves of plants?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Plasmolysis
Turgor pressure
Endocytosis
Diffusion
Active transport
27. Osmosis refers to
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
The movement of solutes through a selectively permeable membrane
The active transport of water through a membrane
Diffusion of water through a cell wall
Diffusion of gases
Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
Standard 2 Exam
Biology
28. Refer to the following diagram. The X’s represent solutes dissolved in the water.
Which side of the membrane contains the hypotonic solution?
a.
b.
c.
d.
A
B
Both
Neither
29. Refer to the following diagram. The X’s represent solutes dissolved in the water.
In which direction will the net movement of water occur?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
A ààà B
B ààà A
Equal in both directions
Not enough information to know
It depends on the temperature
30. A cell that is 30% water is placed in a solution that is 35% water. Which way will the net
movement of water go?
a. Into the cell
b. Out of the cell
c. Equally in and out of the cell
Standard 2 Exam
Biology
31. Sea urchins are relatives of starfish and live in the ocean. If sea urchin eggs are taken from the
sea and placed in fresh water
a.
b.
c.
d.
They will probably swell
They will probably shrink
There will be no change in their size
The amount of water leaving the cell will equal the amount of water entering the cell
32. Quinn places a small section of onion in a glass of salty water over night. The next morning she
looks at the onion cells under the microscope. What will she see?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Onion cells as they were the day before
Exploded onion cells
Bulging onion cells
Shriveled onion cells
Onion cells filled with salt crystals
33. Some brown algae will contain iodine in concentrations 2000 times greater than the surrounding
seawater. What process would account for this?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Osmosis
Diffusion
Plasmolysis
Exocytosis
Active transport
34. Which process most precisely identifies the process that produces energy for life’s activities?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Circulation
Chemical digestion
Excretion
Cellular respiration
35. Respiration is to carbon dioxide as photosynthesis is to
a.
b.
c.
d.
Carbon dioxide
Oxygen
Light
Nitrogen
Standard 2 Exam
Biology
36. Where do animal cells get the energy they need to live?
a. Animal cells are capable of producing their own energy molecules and do not need
outside sources
b. Animal cells get their energy from large organic molecules
c. Animal cells get their energy from the Golgi Apparatus
d. Animal cells get their energy from sunlight.
37. What process do animals use in order to release the energy stored in food?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Circulation
Conversion
Photosynthesis
Cellular respiration
38. Which substances are necessary for plants to produce sugar through photosynthesis?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Water, soil, chlorophyll
Water, carbon dioxide, sunlight
Water, minerals, sunlight
Water, roots, oxygen
39. Compare 2 tanks (same size) in a classroom. One has aquatic plants and trout in it. The other has
a similar amount of aquatic plant in it, but not trout. Why would the dissolved oxygen level in
the tank with the fish be lower than the dissolved oxygen level in the tank without fish?
a. The tank with the fish and the plants has less because the fish use up the dissolved
oxygen
b. Plants in the tank with fish give off less oxygen
c. The absence of animals in the tank with only plants reduces the oxygen level
d. There is less space in the tank with both plants and animals, thus the plants produce less
oxygen
40. As a person exercises, the need for oxygen in the muscles increases. What is the best reason for
this?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Oxygen is necessary in the muscles to move the carbon dioxide out
Oxygen is necessary for the increased production of ATP
Increased oxygen cools down overheated muscles
Oxygen is a component of water, which leaves the body in the form of sweat
Standard 2 Exam
Biology
41. Which of the following words includes all of the other words?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Cellular respiration
Photosynthesis
Protein synthesis
Metabolism
DNA replication
42. Your skin replaces the cells that it is continually losing by using the process of:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Transduction
Mitosis
Meiosis
Lysis